Film finance is an aspect of film production that occurs during the development stage prior to pre-production, and is concerned with determining the potential value of a proposed film. Films can be financed in a number of different ways. Government grants and tax schemes are important for filmmakers to finance their films. Government provide grants or tax subsidises in the hope that the production of a film in a particular area will boost the local economy. Tax schemes are where the producer of the film sells a percentage of the film to the investor so that the investor pays the tax fees, the investor will be one of a wealthy living so will be able to pay the tax fees, basically the investor/s will pay the producer a sum fee to obtain the taxes. Equity finance is different to a tax scheme as equity finance comes with very little risks. Its basically giving rich people a share in a product you want to earn money on. However if your film doesnt make the money you thought it would then you'll be loosing out on money and intrest and the rich people wont get there share either. Debt finance is completely different, the investor will decide on a vast amount of the content of the film.. for example the investor can decide on the script and the cast. Before the film is even produced, the investor has to pay 20% deposit into the films account. Film financing is a part of film production and is concerned with determining the potential value of a film. It begins with theatrical release then to DVD sales, then to broadcasting on TV including international, then in flight financing,then on demand.
Its a subset of a project finance which means the generated cash flows are to repay investors. Its said to be impossible that to predict with accuracy the revenue of any film will generate.
The main factors of determining the sucess of a film include the public and their' taste, competition from any other films released at the same time,which is just the same as anything like films and msic and programmes ,its up to what the public like and how good it is.
If you had Bruce Willis in a film it could earn millions of dollors for America if the film fits his persona,or it could go the other way and be completly awful and a watse of money. Its about getting everything right wether the companys use the film funding properly.
Wednesday, 12 October 2011
Friday, 7 October 2011
TV Funding
All channels get paid in different ways to broadcast their shows. BBC TV get their money from everyone’s TV licenses that they pay so they don’t need the money from commercial because they can't have any advertising. They are a public service so you don't have to pay extra for any of there channels so they have more ways to get money like merchandising,competitions and syndication. They make some of there content available on demand through other parties. This is referred to as syndication.
Channels like ITV and Channel 5 have advertising between there programmes so don't have to get paid with peoples license fees. For example, The X Factor is an extremely popular show and gets money by the audience ringing in to vote for the acts they want to stay in the competition, if nobody rang in then they wouldn't really have a show as they reliant on the votes they get. The show also holds competitions every show where they give the audience have a chance to win things, so this obviously draws them in even more which means more and more people will ring in, which means more money for the show. They both also use syndication competition and merchandising so it seems like they would earn more money from there channels. However BBC has allot more being a cross media channel including TV,radio and Internet unlike Channel 5 and ITV. These are both commercial channels.
Channel 4 gets the best of both because its a public service and commercial channel. They get there money and funding from the license fees,syndication,competitions,merchandising and advertising. Some of its funding came from the ITV companies in return for their right to sell advertisements. Nowadays it pays for itself in much the same way as most privately run commercial stations through the sale of on-air advertising, programme sponsorship, and the sale of any programme content and merchandising rights it owns, such as overseas sales and video sales.
Sky and Virgin Channels are subscriber channel. They get there main funding through people subscribing to pay extra to watch their channels, as well as the other public service and commercial channels. They also get their funding through syndication,competitions,merchandising and advertising just like all the others.
Certain programmes on channels makes them more money for example the X-Factor makes millions of pounds through its voting on the acts, because its a popular show therefore advertising revenue can be higher.
Channels like ITV and Channel 5 have advertising between there programmes so don't have to get paid with peoples license fees. For example, The X Factor is an extremely popular show and gets money by the audience ringing in to vote for the acts they want to stay in the competition, if nobody rang in then they wouldn't really have a show as they reliant on the votes they get. The show also holds competitions every show where they give the audience have a chance to win things, so this obviously draws them in even more which means more and more people will ring in, which means more money for the show. They both also use syndication competition and merchandising so it seems like they would earn more money from there channels. However BBC has allot more being a cross media channel including TV,radio and Internet unlike Channel 5 and ITV. These are both commercial channels.
Channel 4 gets the best of both because its a public service and commercial channel. They get there money and funding from the license fees,syndication,competitions,merchandising and advertising. Some of its funding came from the ITV companies in return for their right to sell advertisements. Nowadays it pays for itself in much the same way as most privately run commercial stations through the sale of on-air advertising, programme sponsorship, and the sale of any programme content and merchandising rights it owns, such as overseas sales and video sales.
Sky and Virgin Channels are subscriber channel. They get there main funding through people subscribing to pay extra to watch their channels, as well as the other public service and commercial channels. They also get their funding through syndication,competitions,merchandising and advertising just like all the others.
Certain programmes on channels makes them more money for example the X-Factor makes millions of pounds through its voting on the acts, because its a popular show therefore advertising revenue can be higher.
Ownership of Time Warner
As a leading media and entertainment company, Time Warner helps tell the world's stories to a global audience. In recent years growth in the media industry has come increasingly from international and U.S based to multicultural markets, the audiences are becoming more diverse in ethnicity and nationality.
Its a multinational company because its a large corporation which has big major media companies in several countries. They help to bring benefits to developing country's. It has large budgets that's exceed many smaller countries. The programmes of the popular paid-TV channels are bought from these major media channels HBO, ESPN and National geographic. Time Warner is divided into many business segments in which the major businesses are film productions, television divisions, publishing, telecommunications and the Internet. Jeffrey L. Bewkes is the chairman of the Board and CEO of Time Warner Inc. Time Warner Global Media Group partners with industry leading marketers to create and show premium content, applications and experiences that builds the brands business growth.
Ownership of the BBC
The (BBC) is a British conglomerate public service broadcaster. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff. The BBC is a corporation, with its activities being overseen by the BBC Trust. They operate many TV stations most popular ones like: BBC 1, BBC 2, BBC 3, CBBC and Cbeebies. They also have an iPlayer to catch up with programmes from their’ channels on demand on TV and internet. Its a cross-media company because it has interests in TV,Radio and Internet.
BBC’s different channels have target audiences for every programme. CBBC is for primary school children aged 6-12 years, Cbeebies is the BBC's brand for young children. Whereas BBC 1,2,3,4 and there channels are aimed and for mainly adults. They do this to get more viewers off all different ages and higher statistics and money for their company. They use diversification because they spread their investments by selling programmes they have made to other channels.
The BBC is internationally recognised as being a reliable, respected and unbiased on what is going on in the world and in the UK. And here in the UK every morning, Monday through Saturday, some 6,000,000 people tune in to BBC Radio 4′s widely listened to programme for what most believe to be objective news. They don't lead people to believe anything but just telling them what they know.
BBC’s different channels have target audiences for every programme. CBBC is for primary school children aged 6-12 years, Cbeebies is the BBC's brand for young children. Whereas BBC 1,2,3,4 and there channels are aimed and for mainly adults. They do this to get more viewers off all different ages and higher statistics and money for their company. They use diversification because they spread their investments by selling programmes they have made to other channels.
The BBC is internationally recognised as being a reliable, respected and unbiased on what is going on in the world and in the UK. And here in the UK every morning, Monday through Saturday, some 6,000,000 people tune in to BBC Radio 4′s widely listened to programme for what most believe to be objective news. They don't lead people to believe anything but just telling them what they know.
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